Network switching subsystem nss or gsm core network is the component of a gsm system that carries out call out and mobility management functions for mobile phones roaming on the network of base stations. Ss7 or sigtran is a legacy protocol, gsm uses for a long time. Architecture of gsm network a gsm network is composed of several functional entities, below diagram illustrates the layout of a generic gsm network. The chapter discusses gsm frequency bands, the gsm public land mobile network plmn and its objectives and services, gsm architecture and gsm subsystem entities, interfaces, and protocols between gsm. This tutorial provides an introduction to basic gsm concepts, specifications, networks, and.
Gmsc gateway msc for gsm network call switching node. Act as a go between for the gmsc or smsc with the vlr receive text or voice messages. Gsm uses digital communication system or dcs 1800 and. If any mobile user looking for the way how a sms takes a rout to reach one users mobile to another associate mobile user, so user should must aware about sms architecture which plays a very important role. A gsm architecture is a complex structure to understand. It carries the gsm bursts carrying data and control information. It is made of many small units working in a harmonious way. The mobile station ms the base station subsystem bss the network switching subsystem nss the operation support subsystem oss given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. What is difference in between soft handover and hard handover in umts network. Mobile communication networks andreas mitschelethiel, florian evers 4 architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network. The architecture of a gsm system is shown in the figure 2.
Cellular network organization use multiple lowpower transmitters 100 w or less. To better understand the gsm architecture, divide all the units in four categories. Gmsc gsm msc network architecture wireless communication. In order that the gsm system operates together as a complete system, the overall network architecture brings together a series of data network identities, each with several elements. Gmsc a gateway is a node used to interconnect two networks. Mian shahzad iqbal lecturer department of telecommunication engineering. The gsm architecture consists of three major interconnected subsystems that interact with themselves and with users through certain network interface. Hlr sends the terminating camel service data of the subscriber. Global system for mobile communication technology mobile device investigations program technical operations division. An mno has mscs and gmsc, while mvno has only gmsc. Depending on the business model you choose to apply there are other core network nodes that you could use, such as usgw or ota gateway.
Explain how to configure a host network interface bge0 or bge1 or bge2 or bge3 with ip address. A full mvno will need his own hsshlr, gmsc, ggsn, pgw and smsc. The gsm system can be separated into three extensive divisions. Bearer independent circuit switched core network umts. It is needed to enable subscriber access to the cs domain services and to support roaming to legacy gsm. Outline of the lecture evolutions form gsm to umts. The infrastructure of 2g and 3g cellular networks are similar.
Architecture et composants bts, bsc, msc, gmsc, vlr, hlr. Full mvno architecture hsshlr, gmsc, ggsn, pgw and smsc. The gmsc is responsible for the same tasks as the msc, except for paging. Umts system architecture and protocol architecture. The umg8900, through being upgraded, is able to act as. The gsm network architecture is defined in the gsm specifications and it can be grouped into four main areas. The network operator observes and maintains network quality and service offered through the nms. Friends, what is the purpose of packet control unit in bsc. Msc gmsc itp ik ftorialspintcomlegbivprintpage cg 12 ario%s gsm. Msc is in the roaming network while gmsc is inhome network. Gsm network interfaces um,a,asub,abis,b,c,d,e,f,g interface. For gsm networks, these problems were taken into account at the design stage and a security architecture was implemented to provide protection services to.
A full mvno is a mobile operator that provides services to its subscribers without owning a radio access network. Gsm stand for global system for mobile if we are discussing about gsm architecture means we are talking about 2g technology architecture you should remember this point telecom evolution has brought advance technology 3g,4g lte but here we are talking about gsm architecture simple means we are talking about 2g architecture latter on we will discuss about 3g and 4g lte architecture. The combined traffic of the mobile stations in their respective cells is routed through a switch called mobile switching center msc. But in gsm, the msc, which is serving the ms, changes with the subscribers mobility. Gmsc ggsn hlr gn gr gc c d e auc h eir f gf pstn gi gb iucs vlr b gp vlr g bts bts um rnc abis msc b pstn pstn source. The user equipment or ue is a major element of the overall 3g umts network architecture. It is owned and deployed by mobile phone operators and allows mobile devices to communicate with each other and telephones in the wider public switched. The subsystems are base station subsystem bss, network switching subsystem nss and. Gateway msc gmsc home gmsc gsm msc network architecture wireless communication gateway msc gmsc gmsc functions. Functional architecture and principal interfaces gateway msc gmsc. Architecture of the gsm system gsm is a plmn public land mobile network qseveral providers setup mobile networks following the gsm standard within each country. A basic diagram of the overall system architecture for the 2g gsm mobile.
How is the data transmitted over the air interface. The gsm network can be divided into three broad parts. B gmsc hands the call to gsmssf, which queries gsmscf gsmscf returns cnumber that is used for routeing the call c gmsc sets up the call to cnumber. Given below is a simple pictorial view of the gsm architecture. In order to set up a requested call, the call is initially routed to a gateway msc, which finds the correct hlr by knowing the directory number of the gsm subscriber.
In fixed networks, a call is established to the local exchange, to which the telephone is connected to. Gsm network architecture, channelisation, signalling and call. The gateway mobile switching centre gmsc is a special kind of msc that is used to route calls outside the mobile network. Anyone can easily find out the way by takes a look to understand gsm, illustrated figure below. Mscvlr gmsc hlrauceir trau isdn pstn pspdn cspdn network management nms gsm network elements. Global system for mobile communication gsm is a globally accepted standard for digital cellular communication. They comprise an air interface between the users mobile device and the base station. Gprs general packet radio service a packet oriented data service for ip and x. In view of the far greater number of applications and facilities that it can perform, the decision was made to. Umts gsm network architecture gprs core packet switched sgsn ggsn internet gsm ran base station base station controller. This will eventually lead to considerable upgrades of the core network functions since the plan is to offer a wide range of multimedia services. Tinnirello database ip backbone internet bts sgsn auc eir ggsn pcu.
Architecture of the gsm system several providers setup mobile networks following. They consist of at least one administrative region, which is assigned to a msc. Connection originating or terminating from external telephone pstn are handled by a dedicated gateway gateway mobile switching center gmsc. These functions and interfaces are explained in this chapter. Gateway msc gmsc plays central role for incoming calls to gsm. Gmsc iwf omc bts bsc msc msc a bis u m eir hlr vlr vlr a bss pdn isdn, pstn rss radio cell radio cell ms auc oss signaling o. Gsm architecture gsm network architecture gmsc bts bts bsc hlr omc vlr bss auc other msc vlr other networks pstn,pspdn eir other msc ms g b a c f e abis d abis um ms ms bts bts bts bsc bsc msc msc vlr vlr gmsc hlr pstn eir auc um abis abis a a omc server um gsm network architecture bts base transceiver station bsc base station.
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